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No. 454,884. Patented June 30,1891.

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No. 454,884. Patented June 30, 1891.

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No. 454,884. Patented June 80,1891.

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Patented June 30,'1891.

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Patented June l30, 1891.

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UNITED STATI-:s

PATENT OFFICE.

FREDERICK SEDGIVICK, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

PRINTING-TELEGRAPH INSTRUMENT.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 454,884, dated June 30, 1891. Application filed June 1, 1886. Serial No. 203.703. (No model.)

T0 all whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, FREDERICK SEDGWICK, of Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented a new'and useful Improvement in Printing Telegraph Instruments, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification, in which- Figure 1 is a side view of said machine with a portion of the key-board removed, the keydisk and a portion of the vertical shaft connected therewith being shown in section. Fig. 2 is a plan View of said instrument, a portion of the same being in horizontal section upon the line 1 l, Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a detail end View taken upon the line 2 2, Fig. 1, viewed in the direction of the arrowthere shown. Fig. 4 is a plan view in detail, taken upon the line 3 3, Fig. 1. Fig. 5 is an enlarged detail view of a portion of Fig. 3, taken upon the line 9 9, viewed in the direction of the arrow thereindicat-ed, said view illustrating the shifting'- gears in a reverse position from that shown in Fig. 3. Fig. 6 is a left end view of a portion of said machine as shownin Fig. 1. Fig. 7 is a transverse vertical sectional View in enlarged detail, taken upon the line 4 4, Figs. 1 and 2, and viewed in the direction of the arrow there shown, the same being intended to show the paper between the rolls. Fig. 8 is an enlarged detail view of the type-hammer. Fig. 9 is a detail view of the ratchet and detent forming a part of the mechanism for spacing the letters and causing the impression. Fig. 10 is an enlarged detail View of the left end of said machine as shown in Fig. 1, a portion of the gearing and other parts being removed to show the clutch-sleeve. Fig. 11 is a plan View of a portion of said machine, showing the manner of feeding the paper therein and the way in which the printing appears upon each page. Fig. l2 is an enlarged detail view ot' the ratchet mechanism for spacing the letters. Fig. 13 is an enlarged central longitudinal sectional view in detail of a portion of the type-shaft. Fig. 14 is an enlarged transverse sectional view of said type-shaft, taken upon the line 5 5, Fig. 13, viewed in the direction of the arrow there shown. Fig. 15 is a plan view in diagram showing two of said instruments connected in While another is shown in longitudinal section.

Fig. 1S is an end View of the magnets and armature. Fig. 19 is a transverse sectional View in detail of the armature, taken upon the line 6 6, Fig. 17. Fig. 2O is an interior end view of the commutator or pole-changer. Fig. 21 is a central longitudinal sectional View of the same. Fig. 22 is an outline view in diagram showing the manner in which the magnet-cores are preferably wound and their connection with the battery and commutator. Fig. 23 is an enlarged detail view in central section of the vertical shaft and the connecting gears. Fig. 24 is an enlarged detail view of the circuit-breaking mechanism for controlling the motor-shunt and that of the magnet operating the type-hammer. Fig. 25 is a vertical sectional View taken upon the line 7 7,

Fig. 1,-viewed in the direction of the arrow there shown, a portion of the plate or frame E being broken away to show the parts beyond. Fig 26 is a vertical sectional view through the axis of the wheels F4, F5, and F,

Fig. 1, as Viewed from the rear. Fig. 27 is an enlarged detail View taken upon the lineS S, Fig.- 1, viewed in the direction of the arrow there shown. Fig. 28 is an enlarged detail side View of a portion of one end of the typewheel shaft. Fig. 29 is a detail View of the circuit-breaking device in which the relations are the reverse of those shown in Fig. 10. Fig. 30 is a like view showing the parts in a slightly-changed position, and Fig. 31 is an enlarged plan View in detail of the Wormwheel and a portion ofthe rack for producing a lateral movement of the type-wheel.

Like letters and figures of reference designate corresponding parts in the different iigures.

The object of my invention is to provide a v pri nting-telegraph machine or electric typewriter which may be operated by means of a rotary motor and the usual key-board and may be used singly as a type-writer or connected with one or more like machines or instruments, all of which may be operated synchronously by the manipulation of any one of IOO the series or by that of a machine common to all, said machines being so constructed that they may be caused to establish and maintain while in circuit a fixed relation to each other as to the position and movement of the printing mechanism.

Afurther object is to so construct said machine that messages maybe printed speedily and simultaneously by the transmitting and receiving machines upon pages or sheets as distinguished from a ribbon or slip, each machine being adapted to be used in turn to transmit or receive messages.

I accomplish said objects preferably in the manner hereinafter more particularly described and claimed.

In the drawings,A represents'a synchronous motor, described below. The object of adopting said synchronous motor in lieu of an ordinary motor or clock mechanism or an electric motor as commonly constructed is to enable me to actuate two or more of said machines rapidly and in unison without the employment of escapements or governors either upon the motor itself or upon the printinginstrument.

Y B represents the driving-shaft of said motor, having thereon a pinion (better shown in Figs. 3 and 4,) which engages with two loose pinions c c', located upon the respective ends of a tilting arm or lever C, rigidly attached to a loose sleeve C', Fig. 4, having its bearing upon a pin attached rigidly to the frame E of said machine, said sleeve being retained normally in a position whereby the pinion c upon one end of said cross-arm C is held in engagement with a spur-Wheel D,which result is accomplished, preferably, by means of a spring c2, Figs. 4 and 5, acting upon a fiat por tion c3 of the sleeve C. Attached rigidly to said sleeve is an arm c4, Figs. 3, 4, and 5, to which is attached a soft-iron armature C2 in proximity to an electro-magnet G3, the circuit of which is normally shunted, as hereinafter described. The movement of the arm ctwhen attracted by the magnet C2, overcomes the resistance of the Aspring c2, tilts the arm C, and causes the pinion or idle-Wheel c to engage with a pinion F, to which is attached a screw-threaded shaft F', hereinafter referred to, extending to the opposite end of the machine.

Secured in suitable bearings in the frame E is a type-wheel shaft D, to one end of which is keyed the spurwheel D. y

Upon the shaft D is mounted a type-wheel D2, which is caused to revolve with said shaft by means of a key d, Fig. 7, engaging loosely within a slot CZ', Figs. 2 and 7, by which arrangement said type-wheel is free to move longitudinally upon said shaft. Said typewheel is provided upon its periphery with such letters, characters, and spaces d2 as may be found essential. Mounted upon said shaft in the same manner as said type-wheel, so as to revolve therewith, is one member D3 of a clutch, (better shown in Fig. 10,) which is provided with an annular groove cl3, with which are caused to loosely engage the lugs of a yoke upon the end of a vertical lever G, Figs. 1 and 10, pivotedto the top of thel frame at g, to the upper end of which lever is attached a soft-iron armature G in suitable proximity to an electro-magnet G2. (Likewise shown in Fig. 6.) A spiral spring g is attached to the opposite side of said lever, of sufficient strength to actuate the arm G when the magnet G2 is not excited, at which time the toothed clutch D2, the teeth of which correspond in number to the characters and spaces upon the type-wheel, is thrown into engagement with a complementary clutch member D4, to which is rigidly attached a ratchet-wheel D5, the two being loose upon the shaft D. Extending lengthwise of the machine and having suitable bearings in the frameE at the respective ends is a shaft H,

provided with a longitudinal groove h, Figs.

l and 7, throughout its length. Attached to said shaft is a loose sleeve 7L', from which is extended laterally a loosely-pivoted arm h2, as shown in Fig. 8, upon the end of which is a type-hammer H located in a vertical plane with the axis of the type-wheel D2.

In addition to the gear F, the shaft F is provided upon its opposite end with a'gear F2, which meshes into a gear F4, Figs. 1, 2, 6, and 25, having its bearing upon a loose sleeve F2, whichV in turn bears upon an arm f, attached rigidly to the frame E. Upon the outer end of the sleeve F8 is a clutch member F11, rigidly attached thereto, with which a corresponding clutch F9 upon the hub of the Wheel FL is held in normal engagement by means of a spring fu. Said clutch members are in engagement, except as hereinafter stated, and hence the Wheel F4 is revolved by the IOO movement of the sleeve FS and in turnrevolves the wheel F3, thus actuating the shaft F and moving the type-hammer and typewhcel longitudinally upon the shafts H and D, respectively, sufficiently to form the necessary space between the printed lines, as indicated in Fig. 11, said type-wheel being only so moved at the beginning of each line. It should be borne in mind in this connection that the spaces between the letters, as well as the transfer from one end of a line to the other, is accomplished by moving the paper, as hereinafter stated. A rigid arm e, Figs. 1 and 26, is secured to the frame, to which is pivoted an elbow-lever e', the end of one arm of which is caused to engage in an annular groove e2 in the hub of the wheel F4, while the arm e3 is so placed that the spring FT will engage therewith in its downward movement, and thus throw the clutch F11 out of engagement. l

rlhe shaft F has attached rigidly thereto a sprocket -wheel f', Figs. 1, 2, 11, and 31, which is connected by a suitable drive-chain f2 t-o a secondary sprocket-wheel f12, having a worm]C13 adjacent thereto and adapted to revolve therewith in engagement with arack IIO fu, said chain causing the two sprocketwheels to rotate in unison, F being the driving-shaft. Parallel with the shaft F', I place a stationary rod F2, Fig. 2, which serves as a guide and support for a loose sleeve F10, upon which the rack fu, Figs. 1, 2, and 31, is placed. A step-by-step movement of a ratchet-wheel F5, moved by a pawlyf3 upon the end of an oscillating arm f4, Figs. 1, 12, and 25, attached to the shaft H, revolves the wheels F'l and F6 and gradually raises and comprfsses a spring F7. The shaft H is in turn rocked by means of an arm or detent h3, Figs. 1, 7, and 10, attached rigidly thereto, which is caused to engage with the teeth of a ratchet-wheel D5 by a spring h4, so that as the end of the detent h3 falls into a notch between the ratchet-,teeth the shaft H is tilted. This movement is produced by the influence of the magnet Gr2 upon the armature G', which occurs simultaneously with the stamping of each letter, the same movement of the shaft H serving to throw the type-hammer H against the paper, as hereinafter shown. Y

Upon the shaft F' is placed a screw-threaded sleeve f5, to which are rigidly attached arms f6, through the opposite end of which is loosely passed the shaft H. Between the ends of said arms is placed upon said shaft a loose sleeve 7L', having a key ZL, Fig. 8, in engagement with the slot h, so that asV the shaft F' is revolved the sleeve thereon is moved longitudinally, and thearmsf6 thereon, moving therewith serve to slide the sleeve ZL' upon the shaft H, and with it the type-hainmer. A like sleeve f7, Figs. 2 and 1l, is attached rigidly to the end of the sleeve F10, having arms fs, connected in 1like manner with the type-wheel. shaft upon the respective sides of the type-wheel D2. By the movement of the sleeves F10 and ZL' the type-wheel and type-hammer are moved in unison. A suitable ink-roll CZ'L is placed above the typewheel upon an axis supported by the arms f 8.

Sustained at their respective ends within suitable bearings in the frame E are pairs K K' of rollers, one pair being upon each side of the shaft H and parallel therewith, the location of said rolls being more clearly shown in Figs, 1, 2, 7, and 11. The rolls K K, respectively, are provided with pinions 7c Zu, which in turnen gage with the teeth of a spurwheel F6, rigidly attached to the ratchetwheel F5. Said spur-wheel is provided with a series of pins fg, upon which is caused to bear the end of a coiled spring FT, (better shown in Figs. 1, 2, 6, and 27,) which is attached to a stud f 10, secured to the frame E. The pressure of the spring FT tends to revolve the wheel F6 in the direction indicated by the arrow shown in Fig. 6,while the step-by-step motion of said wheel in an opposite direction serves to 'raise said spring gradually to the position-shown in Fig. G, the wheel FG at each step movement being retained in position by apawl Z upon the end of a shortshaft therein a rod D6, as clearly shown in Fig. 13,

into which a pin CZG, Fig. 13, is rigidly inserted, which connects it with the clutch member D3, a slot CZ7 being formed in the shaft D' to permit a reciprocating movement of the clutch member D3 and rod DG.

Upon the opposite end of the rod DG and extending outwardly through a slot CZS is an arm CZ9, which is bent at right angles, the bent portion' CZ10 lying parallel with the shaft D' and forming a block to fill a notch or broken portion CZ15 in the ring CZ, Figs. 14 and 28, when the clutch member DSis disengaged from its counterpart. When engaged, the block Z1? is pushed out of place, as shown in Fig. 28, and upon the revolution of the shaft D the detent Z4, Fig. 14, is forced by the spring Z6, which rests against the pin Z5, into the notch CZ15, as clearly shown in Figs. 14 and 2S, which disengages the pawl Z from the teeth of the wheel F5 and permits the spring FT to revolve the wheel F in an opposite direction, the release of the pawl Z being facilitated by the action of the pawl f3 in releasing the pressure of the ratchet-wheel F5 against it. It should be borne in mind, however, that the detent Z4 does not act, as stated., with each revolution of the type-shaft, ,but only when the removal of the block d10 occurs opposite to said detent, which is hereinafter more fully explained.

Connected with the type-shaft D' by means of bevel-gears CZ12 m,-Figs. 1, 2, and 23, I provide a hollow vertical shaft M, supported at the top by means of .a bracket m', and having a pivotal bearing at the bottom in a step M', Figfl. Rigidly attached to said shaft and extending radially therefrom in a horizontal plane is an arm m2, to the end ofwhich is loosely pivoted a lever M2, the inner end of which extends into a mortise m3, Fig. 1, in the hollow shaft M. A loose rod M3 is placed within said hollow shaft and is supported and its weight sustained upon the end of said lever M2, the opposite end of which is sufiiciently heavy to more than counterbalance said rod, so that the normal position of the two is as shown in Fig. 1. The upper end of the rod Mg is pointed and in contact with the end of a weak spring m4 in proximity to a parallel arm m5, said spring and arm, respectively, being provided with contact-points fm, which are normally retained in contact by means of said rod. The springmLL and arm m5 are attached to an insulating-plate m7 upon the frame E, thus forming a circuitbreaker in circuit with the main-line wire P.

IOO

IIO

Supported loosely upon the step M, substantially as shown in Fig. 1, is a circular disk N, through which the shaft M protrndes. Upon the periphery of said disk is a series of perforations corresponding in number to the characters upon the typewheel, into which I loosely insert a corresponding number of pins n. Suitable key-levers N connect said pins, respectively, with a bank of keys, as shown in said last-named iigures. Upon the depression of a key a pin n is raised sufficiently to be brought'into contact with the outer end of the lever M2 as the latter is revolved, thus raising it and permitting the rod M3 to fall, and with it the spring m4, thus momentarily breaking the main-line circuit. A key O is placed beneath the disk N, as in Fig. 1, and when depressed raises the entire disk N, thus causing all the pins n in succession to be touched by the lever M2 as it revolves. This is for the purpose of establishing a relation between the transmitting and receiving machine, which will be more fully explained in describing the operation thereof. I also provide a shift-key O3, Fig. 2, corresponding with a space upon the periphery of the typewheel upon which no character is placed,

but is radially in the same plane with the reciprocating block d10, to which is loosely pivoted a pawl cils, Figs. l, 10, 12, 13, and 2S, which projects obliquely from the shaft D', substantially as shown in the various ures, and so sustained by means of a spring dm. Said pawl revolves continuously with the shaft D', While at the same time it is reciprocated with each revolution of said shaft, but in a radial plane which bears a corresponding relation to the character or space to be presented upon the type-wheel, so that if the space mentioned corresponding to the shift-lever is in avertical planeabove the shaft D the pawl cl13 will also be in said plane at the time it is reciprocated. Above said shaft D and in the vertical plane of its axis I place a notched disk'Q, arranged to revolve in suitable bearings, the axis Q, Fig. 2, of which is in a plane at right angles to that of said shaft D'. The notches upon the periphery of said disk are alternately deep and shallow, as shown, and are so placed with relation to the pawl cils that one will always lstand in the plane of its revolution, the end of said pawl passing through a notch as the former rotates. The block d10 is always in its normal position when the pawl e112 passes the disk, except when the shift-key or the key O is depressed, in which event the block is pushed forward, and with it the pawl, just as the latter is passing and in the same plane with the disk Q, so that instead of passing through the notch without touching the disk, as at other times, it engages with the latter and rotates it the distance of one notch, at which point it is brought to a rest by the stoppage of the type-wheel. j.

A series of spring circuit-breakers Q Q2 Q3 Q4, attached to suitable insulating-plates upon the frame, as clearly shown,and provided with proper contact-points, are arranged tangentially around the disk Q, the lirstthree of said circuit-breakers,having detents which engage, as shown, with the notches of said disk, and it is only when the detents of said springs rest in the deep notches that the respective circuits except Q3 are broken, the only object of the shallow notches being to enable the disk Q to serve as a ratchet- Wheel, as hereinafter stated, in addition to breaking the circuits with said contact-points, the pawl d2 acting in both the deep and shallow notches to rotate the disk. The normal tendency of the springs to which they are attached is to separate the contact-points Q Q2 Q3 and. to close the contact-points Q4. The circuit-breakers Q and Q4 are normally closed and the others normally open; but Q2 differs from the first twoin that it still remains open when the detent is out of the notches, except 'when the pin Q7 is pushed forward to close it,

as hereinafter stated. A series of pins Q5, corresponding in number and placed in radial lines with the deep notches of the disk, project laterally therefrom concentric With its axls.

In a bearing Qi I arrange a horizontal rod Q',`adapted to be reciprocated, so that one end may engage with the pins Q5, Figs. 10, 24, 29, and 30, while the opposite end projects sufficiently to cause it to be pushed forward by the type-wheel arm f8 when the latter is transferred to the top of the page, as shown in Fig. 11, by themovement of the sleeve F10. The rod Q is provided with a pin Q7, projecting upwardly therefrom through a slot QS, which thus limits the movement of the rod, but permits the pin Q7 to strike the end of the spring of the circuit-breaker Q3, as shown in Fig. 24, which closes said circuit-breaker when its detent is not in one of the notches of the,

wheel Q. This action only occurs when the rod Q is pushed forward, as shown in said last-named figure, by the movement of the type-wheel to the beginning of a page, the arm f8, Fig. l, which supports the ink-roller, being adj usted to strike said rod at this time. At all other times the rod Q is retained in the position shown in Figs. 10 and 29 by means of a spring Q10. A secondary pin Q9 is attached to the rod Q and arranged to engage with the spring of the circuit-breaker Q4 when the rod Q is pushed forward, as stated, and open the shunt-circuit p p', in which said circuit-breaker is interposed. At the same time the circuit-breaker Q3 is closed by the action of the pin Q7 and the movement of the disk Q sufficiently to throw the detent of said circuit-breaker out of the notch in its periphery. The liircuit-break'ers Q2 and Q4 are identical in their action to the extent that they both break the same shunt-circuit; but the object of the latter is to accomplish this result when it is desirable to retain both the circuit-breakers Q and Q3 closed, at which time the wheel Q is necessarily in a position to also close the IOO circuit-breaker q2, which the latteris interposed must be opened by other means. This can be better comprehended when an understanding is had of the circuits which are made with the vario us parts of the machine, and the purpose of each of said circuits is as follows: The line-wire P, in

' which a battery P is interposed, is connected with the ground at P3, the commutator P4, battery P, motor A, the terminals of the electro-magnet C3, the circuit-breaker fm'1 m5, which is normally closed, the terminals of the helix G2, and thence with the secondary machine or machines and the ground. Shunt-wires p p branch from said main wire at the magnet C2, as shown in Fig. l, to the circuit-breaker q', which is normally closed. Secondary shunt-wires p are run from the main-line wire P upon opposite ends of the magnet G2 to the circuit-breakers q2 g4, Fig. lO, the former of which is normally open and the latter ncrmally closed, while wires p2 tap the main line P at the terminals of the motor.

It is essential in order to obtain the best results that the respective motors by which two or more machines are operated should be synchronous, though mechanical motors arranged to run at approximately the same rate of speed may be used with more or less success. I prefer to use my improved synchronous motor, which forms the subject of a separate application filed herewith, and which is therein more particularly described. Referring to Figs. 17 and 18, in which the construction of said motor is shown, A represents a frame, of brass, attached to a suitable base A', said frame serving as a support for a series of magnets l 2 3 4, preferably polarized, all of which are indicated in Fig. 2. In arranging said magnets I prefer to place the poles thereof alternately in opposite directions-that is to say, the positive pole of No. l. may be at the right, that of No. 2 at the left, and so on through the series-by which arrangement the iirst and third and the second and fourth magnets, or those diametrically opposite to each other, possess like polarities. Said magnets are provided, preferably upon both ends, with soft-iron pole-extensions A2, rigidly attached thereto, having' helices A2, all of which, when the magnet-poles are reversed, as described, are wound in the same direction, though a like result may be accomplished by placing the poles of the magnets l 2 3 -t in the same direction and alternately reversing the direction of winding the spools upon each magnet. To the end of the cores A2, I attach inwardly.-projecting pole-extensions a., the ends of which are concentric with a shaft B, having attached thereto by means of brass clips b armatures BB, said shaft having its bearings in supports a c2, attached to the base. Upon the post d2 I attach an insulat` ing-plate c2, to which is secured a series of segmental iianges 5 6 7 8, concentric with the shaft, but separated from each other, Figs. 20,

21, and 22. .Brushes or springs h2 b2, Figs. 20

and hence the, circuit in and 22, preferably bent as shown, are attached to a vulcanite ring h4 to form a metallic connection, respectively, with two adJacent segments, the brushes and segments forming a comm utator or pole-changer. vThe opposite segments, as 5 and 7, are connected with the battery P', while theremaining segments 6 and S are connected with the terminals of the spools A2. 'Thus as the shaft yrotates the currents are alternately reversed and the alternate magnets successively neutralized and strengthened,accordingly as the polarity of the current conforms to that of the magnets l 2 3 4. When two machines are connected in circuit, as in l5, the shafts of the motors revolve in exact synchronism. By applying an ordinary cut-out A4 to each instrument it is obvious that either may be used alternately as a receiving or transmitting machine, the local battery and polechanger being cut out of circuit by each operator when he ceases to use his irachine.

Having described the various parts of said machine and their respective relations, I will now explain its operation, and I may here say that a description of the operation of one instrument is practically a description of that of a number, as their action is identical when corrected and in circuit. Each machine may in turn become a transmitter or receiver, the only difference, generally speaking, in the action in either case being thatpthe transmitter is the one in which the keys are operated, or, in other words, the source from which the respective circuits are made and broken to produce certain results. All the machines are in one sense receivers, in that the transmitting-machine prints its own message just as it is printed on all the others. This may be further explained after' describing the action of one machine. In order that the description may conform to the drawings,I will assume that the paper-roll R and the typewheel D2 are in the respective positions shown in Fig. Il. The circuit-breaker q being closed, as it is at all times except when it loecomes necessary to shift the type-wheel and paper, the current will have been shunted IIO from the magnet C2 and the lcver C tilted by the spring c2, Fig. 5, causing the gears c I) to engage. The type-wheel being at' the top of the page, the rod Q is pushed forward, thus causingthe pin Q7 to close the circuit-breaker q2, which temporarily shunts the circuit from the motor, but leaves the magnet G2 in circuit. The depression of a key, as described hereinafter, breaks the circuit through said magnet when the clutch D3 is thrown forward by the spring g', thus actuating the pawl dand moving the disk Q, so as to let the detent of the circu t-breaker qsdropinto a deep notch,which breaks the sh unt-circuitp2 p2 for shunting the current at the motor, and the motor thus brought into circuit will start, revolving the type-wheel shaft and shaft M at a high rate of speed. Upon touching any one of the keys N a pin n is raised and brought into contact with the revolving arm M3, the outer end of which is momentarily raised, thus permitting the shaft M3 to drop when the main or line circuit passing through the magnet G2 is broken by the spring m4, and the armature G is drawn back by the spring g', thus throwing the clutch members D3 D4, the notches in which correspond, respectively, with the number and position of the characters and spaces upon the type-wheel, into engagement for a sufficient time to move the ratchet-wheel D5 one notch, when the detent h3, Figs. 7 and 9, slips off from the end of the tooth and is suddenly thrown by the spring h4 into the next notch. Said detent, being rigidly attached to the rockshaft H, causes the latter to tilt, which moves the arm f4 and its pawl f3, Figs. l2 and 25, thus moving the wheels F4 F(i one notch, which, through the pinions 7s, Figs. 25 and 27, moves the rolls K K and draws the paper R, Figs. 7 and 11, forward, as indicated by the arrow in Fig. l1, a sufficient distance to form the space between the letters. At the same time, the desired letter upon the type-wheel being presented opposite to the ty pe-ham mer H', the tilting of said shaft H, as described, causes the hammer to strike beneath the paper, as indicated in Fig. 9, which produces the impression upon the opposite side by bringingit into contact with the desired character on the type-wheel. A given space upon the type-wheel is provided for word-spacing and corresponds with a space-key O, Fig. 2, which when depressed produces the same action as described of the type-hammer and type-wheel; but no character is printed. As the depression of a key breaks the circuit with the main line, it is obvious that the entire machine, including the motor, will to a certain extent be effected, and, theoretically, the machine may be said to stop; but the break is of such short duration that it is imperceptible and cannot be vtaken into account, practically. Vhen the above operation vis repeated until a line is completed lengthwise of the paper-roll, as shown in Fig. l, one of the pinsfi, FigsG and 27, will have raised the spring F7 to the position shown in Fig. 6, at which time a key O2, Fig. 2, representing a space on the type-wheel in the same radial plane with the opening in the ring d, is depressed, which causes the block d10 to be removed at a time when it is opposite the fletent Z4, Figs. 12, 13,and ii, so that said detent falls into the notch d3, and thereby raises the pawl Z, which with said detent is rigid with the rock-shaft Z, out of engagement with the ratchet-wheel D3, which permits the spring FT to act, whereby the wheel FG is rotated, as shown in Fig. 27, carrying with it the wheel F4, connected by the clutch F3, so that the shaft F is rotated sufliciently to laterally move the type-hammer and, through the chain f3, worm-wheel f13, and sliding sleeve F10, the type-wheel the space of one line. At the Sametime the wheel F3, through the pinions k k, reverses the rolls K K an-d runs the paper back sufficiently to commence a new line. I prefer to perforate the paper at regular intei-vals, as shown at r, Fig. 1l, so that it may be readily detached in sheets of the desired width, and instead of placing it upon a roll I prefer to fold itin alternate directions within a suitable receptacle, as shown in Fig. 7 this arrangement requiring the expenditure of less power. Then a message covering the whole or any part of a sheet is completed and a transfer is to be made to a new page, the

space-key O is repeatedly depressed, which has the effect to continue the step-by-step movement of the paper toward the operator until it is moved sufficiently, so that the rollers K K nearest him will have passed the perforated line r, Fig. ll, at which time the wheel FG will have been revolved by the ratchet F3 and pawlf3, Fig. 25, sufficiently so that the end of the spring F7, Fig. 27, will have slipped off from the pin fi), upon which it has been bearing during the formation of the previous lines, and will be brought into contact with the arm e3 of the lever e, which limits the downward movement of the spring F'7 and likewise disengages the clutch members F3 F11. A further depression of the space-key carries the paper still farther toward the operator, so as to provide the desired margin `upon said paper when the next succeeding pin fi is broughtv into contact with the spring F7. As soon as the actio'n last described is completed and the paper is rolled forward upon a new page it is essential that the typewheel should be shifted to the top of the page. This movement is accomplished by depressing the shift-button O3, which represents a space upon the type-wheel designed to be presented opposite the type-hammer whenthe pawl (113 is in the saine plane with the disk Q. The clutch D3 being thrown forward into engagement pushes the pawl and'revolves the disk Q one notch, thereby opening the shuntcircuit p p at q and exciting the magnet C3, which, attracting the armature C2, tilts the arm C, thereby disengaging the gears c D, when the type-wheel shaft is stopped, the clutch D3 and disk Q occupying the respective positions shown in Fig. 29. At the same time, the spring F7 having actuated the lever e3 and disengaged the clutch F, as stated, the gear c engages with the pinion F and rapidly revolves the shaft F in a reverse direction from that taken in spacing the lines until the type-wheel is transferred to the end of the type-shaft or the head of the page, in which act the arm f3 strikes the rod Q, which is pushed against a pin Q3, thus rotating the disk Q suiiiciently, as shown in Fig. SO, to raise the detents q Q3 13 out of the notches, which, in connection with the action of the pin Q7, engages the contact-points of all of said circuit-breakers. As the circuit-breaker g3 is closed, the currentis shunted from the motor over the wires p3 p2, when the entire machine is brought to a rest. Simultaneously with the action justdescribed the circuit-breaker IOO IIO

Q4 is opened by the pin Q9, when the magnet G2 is momentarily excited and disengages the clutch D2.

The foregoing fully describes the operation of a single machine. It remains to describe the combined action of two or more machines, as well as their action as transmitting and receiving instruments, respectively. From the foregoing description of the motor it has been seen that when two or more motors are in circuit they operate synchronously-that is to say` the armatures of the two rotate in exact unison. It follows, therefore, that when two printing-instruments such as described are connected with said motors and in electric circuit, as shown in Fig. l5, the type-wheel of the one will be revolved synchronously with that of the other, and that when the circuit is broken by the depression of akeybothinstruments will be actuated alike. Fig. l5 shows two instruments in circuit, each having a battery and a circuit-closer A4. Assuming that it is desired to use S as the transmitting-instrument, the circuit-closerA which is designed to short-circuit or ground the battery, is opened, as shown, and that connected with the instrument S is closed. Both instruments are then in condition to be operated bythe battery at S. As the operator at S is not aware of the position of the typewheel in the instrument S, it is therefore essential that he first establish a relation between the two. It has been shown that upon touching the shift-key O3, which corresponds to a space upon the type-Wheel designed to be brought into the same plane with the disk Q, the latter is so actuated by the pawl (112 as to open the circuit-breaker q', thus breaking the shunt-circuit with the magnet C3, which, being excited, tilts the rock-shaft.

C and causes the gears c F to be brought into engagement. As the motors are constantly running, except when stopped in the manner stated, the purpose of which is hereinafter more fully set forth, the shaft F is rotated until the type-wheel and hammer are brought to the extreme left of the machine, or what may be called the head of a page. If, therefore, the operator could know when the action takes place in the machine S which lcauses the pawl 13 to engage the disk Q, he would know when the type-wheels were occupying the sam e relative positionin the two machines. This he cannot know directly; but he can assume that if all the keys upon his instrument are depressed in regular order, or, what is equivalent,if all the pins n are successively brought into contact with the lever M2 in the machine S, that the space last mentioned upon the type-wheel, which I call the zero-space]7 will have been brought into the same plane with the disk Q, and hence the circuit-breaker q will have been opened, the magnet C3 excited, and the type-wheel brought to the top of the page in said receiving-machine. This is accomplished by depressing the key O, which raises the disk N sufciently to cause the sweep or lever M2, which rotates in unison with the type-wheel shaft, to touchV all of the pins n successively. As soon as the Zero-key O is touched in his own machine theoperatorknows that the pawl @i12 in both instruments must strike the respective disks Q, thus opening the circuit-breakers q and exciting the respective magnet C2, thereby transferring both typewheels to the top of a page; but the relative longitudinal position of the type-wheels upon the respective shafts F may differ, and one may have farther to go than the other before reaching the top of the page. I provide for this contingency by means of the shunt-wires p2 p2, Fig. l, which are connected with the circuitbreakers q2. As soon as the type-wheel in the receiving-machine reaches the top of the page and has pushed forward the rod Q said circuit-breaker is closed and t-he current is caused to pass over said shunt-wires 232 p2 before reaching the motor of the receiving-instrument, which is therebyinstantly stopped while said zero-space in the machine S is opposite the type-hammer. The motor at S being still in circuit continues to run, and the type-wheel in the transmitter is carried to the top of the page, when it automatically closes the circuit-breaker q and stops the transmitting-machine. The transmitting-motor still being in circuit continues to run and to revolve the type-shaft in said machine, but does not actuate the motor at S, which is still shunted. The magnets G2 in both machines IOO are, however, still in circuit. The depression of a key in the transmitting-machine breaks this circuit, and the clutches D3 are engaged, which causes the type-wheels to be moved laterally one space. This releases the rod Q', which opens the circuit-breaker q2, and breaks the shunt-circuit p2 p2 with the'motor at S, which is thereby started, when the operator knows that both type-wheels are revolving in unison and that each occupies a position distant the space of one letter from the top of its page. Before touching the key, as last mentioned, to start the receiving-motor the pawl CX12, disk Q, and the circuit-breakers in proximity thereto in the respective machines occupy the relative positions shown in Fig. 30. The movement-of said key breaks the linecircuit and annuls the magnets G2, when the clutch member D3 in each instrument is reciprocated,carrying with it the pawl (Z13, which is still in line with the disk Q, thus continuing the movement of said disk farther than it was actuated by the rod Q and enough to permit the detents in circuit-breakers q2 q2 to fall into the deep notches. This action opens the circuit-breakers q2, and hence breaks the shunt-circuitp2p2, which shunts the currentbefore reaching the receiving-motor, and hence said motor is again started, as above described. As stated, the depression of the key O causes ali of the characters upon the type-wheel to be printed in successive order upon the page, and hence it is not desirable to employ said key except when the operator is ignorant` of the position of the type-wheel in the receivingmachine for the purpose of establishing a relation between the two. At all other times the key O3 should be used, which, the relation being once established, serves to shift the typewheels in like manner. Upon the depression of a key, after the action above described, the parts of the circuit-breaking mechanism assume the relative positions in the respective instruments as shown in Fig. l0. The receiving instrument or instruments, as the case may be, having been corrected and a known relation having been established between it or them and the transmitter, the operator proceeds in the manner hereinbefore set forth in describing the operation of a single machine. So long as this relation is known by the operators of the respective machines each may in turn be used as a transmitting or receiving instrument, and each prints its own message, as well as that received thereby. If local batteries are used, as shown in Fig. l5, each operator should disconnect his own battery upon ceasing to use his instrument.

The only respect in which the instrument as a receiver differs from that as a transmitter is that the keys thereon do not act; but, as the depression of the keys in the sending-instrument serves successively to break the circuit with the main line, and hence to momentarily nullify the magnet G2 therein, it follows that it must produce a like effect upon the corresponding magnet in the receivinginstrument, and as the type-wheels necessarily rotate in unison they must likewise start and stop in unison when said circuit is made or broken. When either the key O or O3 is depressed on the transmitter, the zerospace is brought opposite the type-hammer andthe pawl C112 opposite the disk Q in each machine, and the action resulting therefrom, which is above described as occurring in a single instrument, is identical in both.

As the motor is designed to be run at acon'- siderable rate of speed, and asthe pawl C112 is therefore rapidly reciprocated, it may be necessary to insure its engagement with the disk Q to lessen the speed of the motors when the type-wheel is shifted or the relation established between the two instruments. Any kind of brake for impeding the speed of the motor may be employed for this purpose, or it may be accomplished by placing a crank B upon the motor-shaft, as indicated in the offset to the drawings in Fig. 2, which the operator may grasp before depressing the key O to establish the relation, as stated', and by means of said crank impede the motion of the machine, turning slowly a sufficient number of times to revolve the type-Wheel once, when the handle may be released and the motor allowed to run, as usual; but this may not be found necessary in practice.

Before establishing a relation between two machines it is evident that the type-wheel in the transmitting-machine may be nearer to the top of a page than that in the other, in

which case it would, upon striking the key to establish a relation, reach the top of the page first and thereby shunt the current from its own motor before the type-wheel in the receiving-machine would have time to reach a corresponding position. It is therefore advisable for the operator, before attempting to establish a relation, to either run his typewheel to the position on its shaft corresponding to the bottom of a page or to turn the crank B a sufficient number of times, so that he may be sure that the type-wheel in the receiving-machine may have reached the desired position.

It is obvious that any number of said machines maybe operated in a given circuit from a local battery, and the plan contemplated by me is to use the same in connection witlra central office and a main battery, as shown 1n Fig. 16, in which T represents said central office, S2 the central-office machine, adapted to be connected with a main line P and a series of machines lS3 S4c S5, as well as with `branch lines P2, connecting with separate machines S6 S2. Each of said machines is provided with the usual call-button s, connecting with call-bells s s2 S3 and local batteries p4 p5 p, respectively, while the machine .S2 is adapted to be connected with the main battery P said batteries and instruments having, likewise, the necessary ground connections p7. Suitable switches p2 are ll'kewise provided for the purpose of connectmg or disconnecting the various lines and calls. Should the operator at S6 desire to communicate with S7, he first calls the central office and asks to be put into communication with the number representing that instrument, whereupon the necessary switches are turned to effect this result; or it is obvious that he can in like manner communicate with the main line or that an operator upon the main line may communicate with another upon any given branch.

To enable the operator to manipulate the keys rapidly and at the same time to insure the contact of the sweep M2 with each of the pins n before the latter have fallen after belOO IIO

ing raised by a key, I prefer to make the disk N of'soft iron and the levers N of steel and to slightly magnetize the latter, so that when the key is depressed the end in proximity to the disk Will be retained against the same by magnetic attraction until the sweep M2 will have struck the pin raised thereby, and the impact or jar of the contact will release the lever from its contact with the disk, when the former will fall to its normal position.

Saidmachines under the system described may be placed in private offices and other places-and connected by branch lines with a central office and employed, if desired, in lieu of the ordinary type-writer when not in use for telegraphic purposes. This may be accomplished by employing a local battery, as shown in Fig. l, and short-circuiting the instrnment in any well-known way when used as suggested. 'In transmitting press dispatches my invention is of especial value in that an operator at a central office may at once correct all the machines in circuit and transmit to all simultaneously, thus dispensing with as many operators as there are receiving-stations.

Having thus described my invention, I claiml l. The combination, with a single main line and an electro-generator, of a series of rotary electric motors, each consisting of polarized magnets forming a cylindrical field, an armature Within said iield having radial arms, a commutator for controlling the actionof said armature, whereby the currents may be alternately reversed, a type-Wheel, and mechanical connection between said type-Wheel and armature, substantially as shown and described.

2. The combination, With asingle main line y and electro-generator, of two polarized rotary synchronous motors,two printing-instruments having their type -Wheel shafts vconnected with said motors, a magnet upon each of said instruments and in circuit With the main line for normally maintaining the disconnection of the impression mechanism, a series of keys, a circuit-breaker in operative connection with said keys for breaking the line-circuit upon the depression of a key, and an impression mechanism for impressing the character when said main circuit is broken, substantially as shown and described.

3. The combination, in a printing-telegraph instrument, of a motor having a rotary armatureV actuated by polarized magnets and normally connected by means of intermediate gears with the type-Wheel shaft, a main line and circuit-breaker therein connected with the keys of the instrument, a magnet in said main-line circuit for normally disengaging a clutch upon said type-Wheel shaft, the teeth of Which clutch correspond in number and position to the characters uponthe type-Wheel, impression mechanism connected With said clutch, and means for engaging said clutch upon the depression of a key and the breaking of the line-circuit, substantially as shown and described. 4. The combination, in a printing-telegraph instrument, of a rotary motor consisting of polarized magnets forming a cylindrical held, a rotary armature Within said field, a polechanger, a normally-rotating type-Wheel and type-Wheel shaft, the latter connected by intermediate gears with said armature, a shuntcircuit, a magnet therein in proximity to an armature attached to a tilting arm upon a rockshaft, gears upon said arm arranged to mesh,

respectively, into the gear of the type-wheel shaft or that of a screw-shaft connected with the type-wheel, whereby said type-Wheel may of a rotary motor having its armature normally'connected by means of gears with the type-Wheel shaft, an armature arranged upon a tilting lever pivoted in, alignment Withthe axisof the armature-shaf t, a normally-shunted magnet inproximity to said armature, gears upon said tilting lever engaging with the gear upon the armature-shaft of the motor, a type- Wheel arranged to slide loosely upon its shaft, a screw-threaded shaft parallel with the type- Wheel shaft and having a nut connected with said type-Wheel, gears upon said screw and type-Wheel shafts, respectively, in position to engage alternately With the gears upon said tilting arm, and a shift-key and intermediate connections for shifting the current from the main line to said shunt-circuit, whereby the type-Wheel may be transferred at Will to the beginning of a page.

G. In a printing-telegraph, a tilting armbearing upon a rock-shaft and provided with gears upon its respective ends meshing into that of the motor-shaft, a spring for maintaining one of said gears in normal engagement with the type- Wheel-shaft gear, a magnet and armature for tilting said shaft, and means, as a shunt-circuit and electro-magnet, for exciting said magnet at a predetermined time, whereby the power of the motor may be transferred from the type-Wheel gear to one upon a threaded shaft for shifting the type-Wheel to' I the beginning of apage, substantially as and for the purposes set forth. v

7. In a printing-telegraph instrument, the combination of a rotating type-wheel shaft, a loose clutch member thereon normally disengaged from its counterpart, Which revolves With the shaft, aratchet-Wheel connected with said loose member, having a detent upon an arm rigidly attached toa rock-shaft and held in resilient engagement With said ratchet- Wheel, an arm and paWl upon said rock-shaft engaging With a secondary ratchet-Wheel, and intermediate gears connecting with the paperrolls, a type-hammer upon said rock-shaft, and means, as a screw-shaft and gears, for moving the same lengthwise thereonin unison With the lateral movement of the type-Wheel and for momentarily engaging said clutch members With the depression of each key, substantially as described, and for the purposes set forth.

8. In a printing-telegraph instrument, a rotating type-Wheel shaft having a loose clutch member thereon normally at rest and disengaged from its counterpart, which revolves with the shaft, a ratchet-Wheel connected with said loose member, having a detent upon an arm rigidly attached to a rock-shaft parallel With the type-Wheel shaft and held in resilient engagement with said ratchet-Wheel, an arm and paWl upon said rock-'shaft engaging with a secondary ratchet-wheel attached to a gear, a paWl engaging With said secondary ratchet- Wheel to normally prevent its reverse movement, a coiled spring connecting' with said gear for moving it in an opposite direction ICO IIO

from that normally described by said secondary ratchet-wheel, a type-hammer upon said rock-shaft, a threaded shaft and nut for moving the same lengthwise thereon in unison with the movement of the type-Wheel upon its l ratchet-wheel D5, having a spring-detent en gaging therein and attached rigidly to arockshaft type-hammer H, pawl and arm f3 f4, ratchet-wheel F5, gear-wheel FG, connecting with the paper-rolls, spring FT, engaging with the pins fg, and pawl Z, with means, as described, for disengaging the same and for actuating said clutch upon the depression of a space-key, substantially as set forth.

10. In combination with the ratchet-wheel yF5 and its coacting parts, the pawl Z, rigid arm Z3, having'a detent Iupon its extremity, opposing spring Z2, ring CZH, and reciprocating block d10, connected with the clutch member D3, whereby said block d10 may be removed from the ring when in the same radial plane with said detent upon touching a key conforming to a space in a like plane upon the type-wheel, thus releasing said pawl and permitting said spring F7 to act substantially in the manner and for thepurposes specified.

11. The combination of the ratchet-wheel D5, detent h3, spring h4, and rock-shaft H, having a type-hammer loosely attached to a sliding sleeve thereon, and means, as gears, a screw-shaft, and nut, for sliding said sleeve in unison with the type-Wheel, whereby a stroke of said hammer may cause an impact of the paper against the type-wheel whenever the detent 71.3 slips off from the end of a ratchet-tooth, substantially as described.

12. Thecombination of the ratchet-wheel D5, detent h3, spring h4, and rock-shaft H, having a type-hammer loosely attached to a sliding sleeve thereon, and a screw-shaft and nutfor sliding said sleeve in unison with the type-Wheel oscillating arm f4, having a pawl engaging with a ratchet wheel connected with suitable paper-rolls, whereby a new space may be presented upon the paper for each stroke of the type-ham mer, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

13. The combination of the Wheel F6, having a series of pins projecting laterally therefrom, and a coiled spring F7, adapted to engage therewith, a ratchet connected with said l wheel, a ratchet and pawl for producing a step-by-step motion of said Wheel in a direction opposite to that of the pressure of said spring, a pawl for normally preventing a backward movement of said wheel F4 in normal engagement with a clutch upon the hub of the wheel F6 and connected with a threaded shaft-nut and gears for shifting the typehammer the space of a line, means for releasing the ratchet connected with said Wheel F6, and a shift-lever e for disengaging said clutch by the action of the spring F7, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

14. The magnet G2, normally in circuit, in combination with an armature upon a lever G, spring g', clutch member D3, counterpart D4 and its connecting parts, revolving pivoted arm M2, attached to a hollowT shaft revolving in unison with the type-Wheel, rod M3, circuit-breaker mL fm, in circuit with said magnet, and a series of pins in the track of said revolving arm, with suitable keys for raising the same, respectively, substantially as specified.

15. In a printing-telegraph having a rotary type-wheel, the combination of aseries of paper-rolls having their axes parallel with that of the type-Wheel shaft, a step-'by-step mechanism, as described, for rotating them one step in one direction with each characterimpressed, and means, as described, for reversing their movement at the end of each line, a rack and Worm-gear in operative connection with the type-wheel, and a rotary motor and shunt-circuit, as set forth, whereby the type-wheel and type-hammer may be shifted laterally and the paper drawn back to enable the type-wheel to stand. at the beginning of a line and at the top of a page, substantially as shown and described.

16. The combination of a rotary motor, a revolving type-Wheel, a threaded shaft having intermediate connections with the typewheel and type-hammer for shifting the same at the end of a line, a rock-shaft controlled by a magnet normally shunted for 4shifting the motor-power from the type-wheel shaft to said threaded shaft, and a circuit-breaker for opening said shunt, and means, as described, for actuating the same upon the depression of a given key, substantially as and for the purposes specified. l

17. The combination,with a main line and electro-generator, of a series of synchronous motors, a series of printing-instruments having rotating type-wheels, screw-shafts and coacting mechanism, as described, in said respective instruments for shifting said typewheels laterally, a normally-shunted magnet, armature, rock-shaft, and gears, as specied, for transferring the motor-power from the type-wheel shaft to said screw-shaft, and means, as set forth, for breaking said shuntcircuit at a predetermined time, substantially as shown and described.

18. The combination, with a main line and electro-generator, of a series of synchronous motors, a series of printing-instruments having rotating type-Wheels, screw-shafts and coacting mechanism, as described, in said respective instruments for shifting said typewheels laterally, a normally-shunted magnet,

IOC

IIO

armature, rock-shaft, and'gears, as specified, for transferring the motor-power from the type-wheel shaft to said scre\vshaft, and a compound circuit-breaking mechanism consisting of the disk Q and its circuit-breakers and connecting-shunts, and means, as speciied, for actuating the same upon the depression of a given key, substantially as shown and described.

19. The combination, in a page-printing telegraph, of a main line, an electro-generator, a rotary'motor, a revoluble laterally-movable type-wheel having its shaft in operative connection with the armature of said motor, rollsfor actuatingthe paper Web, mechanism, as specified, for moving said type-Wheel and paper-rolls, respectively, in the required order, a series of shunts for bringing said mechanism into operation, a notched Wheel in operative connection With a series of circuit-breakers connected with said respective shunts, and means for actuating said Wheel, substantially as shown and described.

20. In a printing-telegraph, a series of rotary motors in electric circuit connected, respectively, with a series of instruments having rotary and laterally-shifting type-wheels, magnets for actuating the impression and type wheel shifting mechanism, respectively, shunts connecting with said motors and magnets, respectively, a compound circuit-breaking mechanism, as the disk Q and its circuitbreakers, connecting` therewith, and means, as described, for operating the same upon the depression of a given key, substantially as described.

2l. The combination, in a printing-telegraph, of the disk Q, circuit-breakers q q2 g3 and their respective connections, rotating pawl C113, connected with the clutch member D3, and a key corresponding to a space upon the type-Wheel in thesame radial plane with said paWl, whereby the latter may be reciprocated at a predetermined time in a plane With said disk, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

22. The combination, in a printing telegraph, of the disk Q, circuit-breakers q q2 Q3 Q4 and their respective electrical connections, rotating paWl (Z13, connected With the clutchmember D3, a key corresponding to a space upon the type-Wheel in thc same radial plane with said paWl, and a rod Q', adjusted to engage successively With a series of pins upon said disk and having pins adjusted to engage said circuit-breakers Q3 g4, said rod being projected in the line of movement of the type- Wheel when shifted to the beginning of a page,

substantially as and for the purposes specified.

23. In a printing-telegraph, the combination of the disk N, provided With pins n, and the magnetized key-levers N', substantially as and for the purposes specified.

FREDERICK SEDGWICK.

D. H. FLETCHER, M. M. GRIDLEY. 

